Sell or Auction Your New-England Chronicle Vol VIII 413 July 18 1776 for up to About $175,000 or More at Nate D. Sanders Auctions
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The New-England Chronicle Vol VIII 413 July 18 1776. Sold for About $175,000.
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The most influential political cartoon in the history of America, the ”JOIN, or DIE” severed rattlesnake designed by Benjamin Franklin and published in his ”Pennsylvania Gazette” on 9 May 1754. This incredibly scarce newspaper is the very first printing of the ”JOIN, or DIE” cartoon, and the only known copy apart from one other housed in the permanent collection at the Library of Congress.
Frustrated by the colonists’ inability to join forces against westward expansion by the French, Franklin created this cartoon of a rattlesnake, cut into 8 pieces symbolizing the American colonies, to dramatically impart the effective message: join together as one cohesive body, or die. Along with the cartoon, Franklin published an editorial in the newspaper, urging the colonists to work together, reading in part, ”…The Confidence of the French in this Undertaking seems well-grounded on the present disunited State of the British Colonies…while our Enemies have the very great Advantage of being under one Direction, with one Council, and one Purse…”
Little did Franklin know at the time that his symbol of the dis-united rattlesnake would echo over twenty years later to inspire the colonists to unite against the British – Paul Revere added the ”JOIN, or DIE” cartoon to the nameplate of his paper, the ”Massachusetts Spy”, and even later, with the ”Don’t Tread on Me” flag, any individual or group whose personal liberty is threatened. The phrasing has also proved highly enduring, likely influencing John Stark, the Revolutionary War General from New Hampshire whose toast, ”Live free or die: Death is not the worst of evils”, inspired New Hampshire’s motto, and again suggests that personal liberty is one of the highest human values, and a founding tenet of the United States.
Franklin’s choice of a rattlesnake is curious for several reasons: as the timber rattlesnake was found throughout the colonies but not England, Franklin argued in an earlier 1751 editorial that the colonists should ship rattlesnakes to England in exchange for the criminals that England was sending to America. Franklin now, however, seems to fully embrace the rattlesnake as metaphor, and would argue, during the American Revolution, its virtues. Using a pseudonym to conceal his identity, he wrote in 1775, ”…she has no eye-lids-She may therefore be esteemed an emblem of vigilance.-She never begins an attack, nor, when once engaged, ever surrenders…to those who are unacquainted with her, she appears to be a most defenseless animal; and even when those weapons are shown and extended for her defense, they appear weak and contemptible; but their wounds however small, are decisive and fatal:-Conscious of this, she never wounds till she has generously given notice, even to her enemy, and cautioned him against the danger of stepping on her.-Was I wrong, Sir, in thinking this a strong picture of the temper and conduct of America?”
While the British loyalists played upon Franklin’s symbolism of the rattlesnake, arguing that the colonists were deceptive and cunning, Franklin turned the characterization on its head, skilled and interested as he was in the art of propaganda. Ultimately, the symbolism would prove highly enduring and compelling: both the idea of uniting to fight a greater, more powerful enemy, and the power of a sudden, deadly attack by an underestimated opponent.
Four page newspaper (without advertising) measures 9.75” x approximately 15”, with an irregularly trimmed top edge. Expert restoration to head of snake, and light uniform toning, consistent with age. Newspaper has been well-preserved, in very good to near fine condition. One of the most important newspapers in America’s colonial history and a cornerstone of her philosophical underpinnings. Sold for $50,000.
1843 Force Declaration of Independence From Original Copper Plate — Beautiful Copy
1843 Force Declaration of Independence from the original copper plate by William Stone, one of the earliest copies of the Declaration of Independence. In 1823, Congress authorized the production of facsimile copies of the Declaration of Independence for two reasons: the original was deteriorating rapidly and many of the aging original Signers sought copies. John Quincy Adams, then Secretary of State, oversaw the project and commissioned noted engraver William J. Stone to reproduce the document. Stone used a new Wet-Ink transfer process to create a copper plate from which facsimile copies were made. By wetting the original document, some of the original ink was transferred to the copperplate, which was then used for printing. Stone printed 201 copies on vellum, keeping one copy for himself (now residing in the Smithsonian) and distributing other copies to Thomas Jefferson, President James Monroe, members of Congress, surviving original Signers, various colleges and universities, and others. Of the original 201 copies, only 31 examples are currently known to exist, 19 of which are permanently housed in museums. In 1843, Peter Force used the original Stone copperplate to print additional copies of the Declaration of Independence on rice paper for inclusion in his book, ”American Archives”. Congress authorized up to 1,500 copies of the book to be printed, and while the actual number of copies printed is unknown, it’s generally estimated at 500. The Stone and Force copies represent an irony: certainly, they allowed additional people and institutions to obtain an identical facsimile of this most beloved of all historic American documents, but Stone’s Wet-Ink transfer process contributed to the deterioration of the original signed copy of the Declaration. The parchment did not respond well to water, with the unfortunate result being that the original Declaration of Independence, on display in our nation’s capitol, is in a rather sad state of preservation. This Force Declaration measures approximately 24.75” x 29.5” on rice paper. Folded for its original purpose of inclusion in Force’s book. A very good to near fine copy except for archival tape repairs on verso, and some creasing to front. The paper quality is very good, without as much brittleness as we usually see. A visually stunning example of one of America’s most beloved documents. Sold for $21,963.
Rare 1843 Declaration of Independence Print — Peter Force Printing From the Original William Stone Copper Plate — In the Original Book — With Complete Set of Volumes
Extremely rare fold-out Force print of William J. Stone’s official engraving of the Declaration of Independence from “American Archives,” Volume I of the Fifth Series. With complete set of nine volumes edited by Peter Force. Washington, D.C.: M. St. Clair Clarke and Peter Force: 1843. Folio Volume I with marbled boards and endpapers runs 951pp. Most extant copies of this volume are missing the highly sought after fold-out rice paper Declaration of Independence. When Congress commissioned Peter Force to compile the nine-volume, 15,500pp. “American Archives” series documenting the nation’s history in 1843, it was determined that a copy of the Declaration would be included in the volume covering 1776. Twenty-three years earlier, as the original document was rapidly deteriorating, Secretary of State John Quincy Adams had authorized engraver William J. Stone to create a copperplate of the Declaration via painstaking wet-ink transfer. It took Stone three years to create a plate with absolute fidelity to the original, although the process caused additional deterioration to the original document, now exhibited in the Capitol Rotunda in Washington, D.C. Stone printed 201 copies on vellum. He kept one copy for himself, now residing in the Smithsonian, and the other copies were distributed to Thomas Jefferson, President James Monroe, members of Congress, surviving original Signers, various colleges and universities, and others. Of the original 201 copies, only 31 examples are currently known to exist, 19 of which are permanently housed in museums. The remaining dozen vellum examples are rarely offered for sale. The “American Archives” copies were made from Stone’s plate, now housed in the National Archives. Congress authorized up to 1,500 copies of the book to be printed, but subscriptions fell far short of that number. The actual number of copies of the book printed is unknown, with estimates ranging at around 500 copies. Fewer than half are believed to have survived, in varying states of preservation, most missing the Declaration. This is an extremely rare opportunity to find the book with the Declaration still intact and in such pristine condition. The fold-out document measures 26″ x 29″ and is stamped at lower left, “W.J. Stone S.C. Washn.” Document shows minor ink transfer from being folded and has a horizontal split approximately 3″ towards the middle of the right edge from folding, as well as two other small tears and along folds affecting words in the center of the document. Very good condition. All other American Archives volumes present as a set. Boards on several books show separation and wear. Books are in good condition. Sold for $20,000.
1843 Force Declaration of Independence From Original Copper Plate — Beautiful Copy
1843 Force Declaration of Independence from the original copper plate by William Stone, one of the earliest copies of the Declaration of Independence. In 1823, Congress authorized the production of facsimile copies of the Declaration of Independence for two reasons: the original was deteriorating rapidly and many of the aging original Signers sought copies. John Quincy Adams, then Secretary of State, oversaw the project and commissioned noted engraver William J. Stone to reproduce the document. Stone used a new Wet-Ink transfer process to create a copper plate from which facsimile copies were made. By wetting the original document, some of the original ink was transferred to the copperplate, which was then used for printing. Stone printed 201 copies on vellum, keeping one copy for himself (now residing in the Smithsonian) and distributing other copies to Thomas Jefferson, President James Monroe, members of Congress, surviving original Signers, various colleges and universities, and others. Of the original 201 copies, only 31 examples are currently known to exist, 19 of which are permanently housed in museums. In 1843, Peter Force used the original Stone copperplate to print additional copies of the Declaration of Independence on rice paper for inclusion in his book, ”American Archives”. Congress authorized up to 1,500 copies of the book to be printed, and while the actual number of copies printed is unknown, it’s generally estimated at 500. The Stone and Force copies represent an irony: certainly, they allowed additional people and institutions to obtain an identical facsimile of this most beloved of all historic American documents, but Stone’s Wet-Ink transfer process contributed to the deterioration of the original signed copy of the Declaration. The parchment did not respond well to water, with the unfortunate result being that the original Declaration of Independence, on display in our nation’s capitol, is in a rather sad state of preservation. This Force Declaration measures approximately 25.5” x 29” on rice paper. Folded for its original purpose of inclusion in Force’s book. A near fine copy except for some archival tape repairs on verso, so subtle as not to be noticed even upon close examination. A visually stunning example of one of America’s most beloved documents. Sold for $18,750.
1843 Force Declaration of Independence From Original Copper Plate
1843 Force Declaration of Independence from the original copper plate by William Stone, one of the earliest copies of the Declaration of Independence. In 1823, Congress authorized the production of facsimile copies of the Declaration of Independence for two reasons: the original was deteriorating rapidly and many of the aging original Signers sought copies. John Quincy Adams, then Secretary of State, oversaw the project and commissioned noted engraver William J. Stone to reproduce the document. Stone used a new Wet-Ink transfer process to create a copper plate from which facsimile copies were made. By wetting the original document, some of the original ink was transferred to the copperplate, which was then used for printing. Stone printed 201 copies on vellum, keeping one copy for himself (now residing in the Smithsonian) and distributing other copies to Thomas Jefferson, President James Monroe, members of Congress, surviving original Signers, various colleges and universities, and others. Of the original 201 copies, only 31 examples are currently known to exist, 19 of which are permanently housed in museums. In 1843, Peter Force used the original Stone copperplate to print additional copies of the Declaration of Independence on rice paper for inclusion in his book, ”American Archives”. Congress authorized up to 1,500 copies of the book to be printed, and while the actual number of copies printed is unknown, it’s generally estimated at 500; it is the oldest Declaration apart from the original and the Stone copies. Declaration measures approximately 25.25” x 29.5”. Folded for its original purpose of inclusion in Force’s book. A very good to near fine copy with foxing at bottom affecting some signatures and discreet archival repairs on verso. A bright copy with virtually no toning. Sold for $18,750.
1843 Force Declaration of Independence From Original Copper Plate — Near Fine Condition
1843 Force Declaration of Independence from the original copper plate by William Stone, one of the earliest copies of the Declaration of Independence. In 1823, Congress authorized the production of facsimile copies of the Declaration of Independence for two reasons: the original was deteriorating rapidly and many of the aging original Signers sought copies. John Quincy Adams, then Secretary of State, oversaw the project and commissioned noted engraver William J. Stone to reproduce the document. Stone used a new Wet-Ink transfer process to create a copper plate from which facsimile copies were made. By wetting the original document, some of the original ink was transferred to the copperplate, which was then used for printing. Stone printed 201 copies on vellum, keeping one copy for himself (now residing in the Smithsonian) and distributing other copies to Thomas Jefferson, President James Monroe, members of Congress, surviving original Signers, various colleges and universities, and others. Of the original 201 copies, only 31 examples are currently known to exist, 19 of which are permanently housed in museums. Sold for $18,750.
Rare and Beautiful 1843 Force Declaration of Independence From Original Copper Plate
1843 Force Declaration of Independence from the original copper plate by William Stone, one of the earliest copies of the Declaration of Independence. In 1823, Congress authorized the production of facsimile copies of the Declaration of Independence for two reasons: the original was deteriorating rapidly and many of the aging original Signers sought copies. John Quincy Adams, then Secretary of State, oversaw the project and commissioned noted engraver William J. Stone to reproduce the document. Stone used a new Wet-Ink transfer process to create a copper plate from which facsimile copies were made. By wetting the original document, some of the original ink was transferred to the copperplate, which was then used for printing. Stone printed 201 copies on vellum, keeping one copy for himself (now residing in the Smithsonian) and distributing other copies to Thomas Jefferson, President James Monroe, members of Congress, surviving original Signers, various colleges and universities, and others. Of the original 201 copies, only 31 examples are currently known to exist, 19 of which are permanently housed in museums. In 1843, Peter Force used the original Stone copperplate to print additional copies of the Declaration of Independence on rice paper for inclusion in his book, ”American Archives”. Congress authorized up to 1,500 copies of the book to be printed, and while the actual number of copies printed is unknown, it’s generally estimated at 500. The Stone and Force copies represent an irony: certainly, they allowed additional people and institutions to obtain an identical facsimile of this most beloved of all historic American documents, but Stone’s Wet-Ink transfer process contributed to the deterioration of the original signed copy of the Declaration. The parchment did not respond well to water, with the unfortunate result being that the original Declaration of Independence, on display in our nation’s capitol, is in a rather sad state of preservation. This Force Declaration measures approximately 25.5” x 29” on rice paper. Folded for its original purpose of inclusion in Force’s book. Separation starting along folds, especially along lowermost horizontal fold, otherwise in near fine condition. The points of separation can be repaired with archival tape to be almost indiscernible when framed. A visually stunning example of one of America’s most beloved documents. Sold for $15,625.
1843 Force Declaration of Independence From Original Copper Plate — Beautiful Copy
1843 Force Declaration of Independence from the original copper plate by William Stone, one of the earliest copies of the Declaration of Independence. In 1823, Congress authorized the production of facsimile copies of the Declaration of Independence for two reasons: the original was deteriorating rapidly and many of the aging original Signers sought copies. John Quincy Adams, then Secretary of State, oversaw the project and commissioned noted engraver William J. Stone to reproduce the document. Stone used a new Wet-Ink transfer process to create a copper plate from which facsimile copies were made. By wetting the original document, some of the original ink was transferred to the copperplate, which was then used for printing. Stone printed 201 copies on vellum, keeping one copy for himself (now residing in the Smithsonian) and distributing other copies to Thomas Jefferson, President James Monroe, members of Congress, surviving original Signers, various colleges and universities, and others. Of the original 201 copies, only 31 examples are currently known to exist, 19 of which are permanently housed in museums. In 1843, Peter Force used the original Stone copperplate to print additional copies of the Declaration of Independence on rice paper for inclusion in his book, ”American Archives”. Congress authorized up to 1,500 copies of the book to be printed, and while the actual number of copies printed is unknown, it’s generally estimated at 500. The Stone and Force copies represent an irony: certainly, they allowed additional people and institutions to obtain an identical facsimile of this most beloved of all historic American documents, but Stone’s Wet-Ink transfer process contributed to the deterioration of the original signed copy of the Declaration. The parchment did not respond well to water, with the unfortunate result being that the original Declaration of Independence, on display in our nation’s capitol, is in a rather sad state of preservation. This Force Declaration measures approximately 24.75” x 29.5” on rice paper. Folded for its original purpose of inclusion in Force’s book. A near fine copy except for some archival tape repairs on verso, so subtle as not to be noticed even upon close examination. A visually stunning example of one of America’s most beloved documents. Sold for $15,000.
Exceptionally Beautiful Force 1843 Copper Plate Engraving of the Declaration
1843 Force Declaration of Independence from the original copper plate by William Stone. Measures approximately 25.5” x 29” on rice paper. This offering represents an opportunity to obtain one of the earliest copies of the Declaration of Independence. In 1823, Congress authorized the production of facsimile copies of the Declaration of Independence for two reasons: the original was deteriorating rapidly and many of the aging original Signers sought copies. John Quincy Adams, then Secretary of State, oversaw the project and commissioned noted engraver William J. Stone to reproduce the document. Stone used a new Wet-Ink transfer process to create a copper plate from which facsimile copies were made. By wetting the original document, some of the original ink was transferred to the copperplate, which was then used for printing. Stone printed 201 copies on vellum, keeping one copy for himself (now residing in the Smithsonian) and distributing other copies to Thomas Jefferson, President James Monroe, members of Congress, surviving original Signers, various colleges and universities, and others. Of the original 201 copies, only 31 examples are currently known to exist, 19 of which are permanently housed in museums. The remaining dozen vellum examples are rarely offered for sale and today typically bring $200,000 or so. In 1843, Peter Force used the original Stone copperplate to print additional copies of the Declaration of Independence on rice paper for inclusion in Volume I of his multi-volume book, ”American Archives.” Congress authorized up to 1,500 copies of the book to be printed, and while the actual number of copies printed is unknown, it’s generally estimated at 500. It is believed that fewer than half of the rice paper copies still exist (of which this is an example) in varying states of preservation. The Stone and Force copies represent an irony: certainly, they allowed additional people and institutions to obtain an identical facsimile of this most beloved of all historic American documents, but Stone’s Wet-Ink transfer process contributed to the deterioration of the original signed copy of the Declaration. The parchment did not respond well to water, with the unfortunate result being that the original Declaration of Independence, on display in our nation’s capitol, is in a rather sad state of preservation. This Declaration has been folded for its original purpose of inclusion in Force’s book and is in overall near fine condition. Document is repaired to verso using archival tape along previous foldlines. A visually stunning example of one of America’s most beloved documents. Sold for $14,032.
The activities of the Continental Congress for the watershed year of 1776 are recorded comprehensively here in this first edition, first printing of ”Journals of Congress Containing The Proceedings In The Year, 1776.” Published by Order of Congress, by Robert Aitken: Philadelphia: 1777. This is one of just 532 copies which were printed in 1776, with substantially less than that available today, and is complete with the original printing of the Declaration of Independence on pages 241-246. According to text upon the title page, these records of the nation’s fledgling government were taken directly from the minutes of the Continental Congress. In addition to the Declaration of Independence, this volume chronicles the preparation for the Revolutionary War, as well as Richard Henry Lee’s 15 May proposal of independence. The book reads as a diary, with each day’s activities noted, including letters from ”General Washington” and resolutions such as one from 14 August 1776, in part, ”…his British majesty, in order to destroy our freedom and happiness has commenced against us a cruel and unprovoked war; and unable to engage Briton’s sufficient to execute his sanguinary measures has applied for aid to foreign princes, who are in the habit of selling the blood of their people for money…” Volume runs 512pp. plus index and measures 5.5” x 8.5”. Deckled-edge leaves are bound in paper boards, not original calf binding. Loss of backstrip reveals a thin layer of fabric affixed over a ribbed spine. Title page is missing the top 1.5”. Chipping to bottom edge of front board and a stamp of the previous owner on the front pastedown. In very good condition considering age. A precious record codifying the founding of the United States of America. Sold for $6,083.
Journals of Congress Containing The Proceedings From January 1, 1776 to January 1, 1777
“Journals of Congress Containing The Proceedings From January 1, 1776 to January 1, 1777.” Published by Order of Congress. York-Town, Pennsylvania: John Dunlap: 1778. A record of the proceedings of the Congress for the year 1776 including a complete text of the Declaration of Independence with all of the signers’ names in type. Scarce second Dunlap printing, printed in York-Town after the evacuation of Philadelphia by Congress due to British occupation of the city. 520pp. plus index. Bound in quarter calf leather with gilt titling to backstrip. Some bumping to corners. Light to heavy foxing throughout, mostly to upper margins. Ink inscription to side cover and top of title page. One of the scarcest book printings of The Declaration of Independence in very good condition. Sold for $5,012.
Rare colonial newspaper with content on the Boston Tea Party and a second seizure and dumping of tea that occurred on 7 March 1774. Little is known of this second Tea Party except what has been recorded in a few colonial newspapers, such as this one, and by John Adams who wrote about it in his diary. In this 17 March 1774 edition of ”Rivington’s New-York Gazetteer” (also called the ”Connecticut, Hudson’s River, New-Jersey, and Quebec Weekly Advertiser”), London’s response to the first Boston Tea Party is discussed, as well as details of the second Tea Party aboard the ship of Captain Gorham, who recounts to the paper the following information: ”BOSTON, March 10 / By Capt. Gorham, arrived here in nine weeks from London, we are informed, that…that Governor Pownal [previous Massachusetts Bay Governor Thomas Pownall, sent to Boston to quell the colonists after the Tea Party] will positively go over to Boston early in the spring, in order to take the management of that quarter under his care; that orders have been dispatched, in the courte of the last week, to Ireland, for the immediate embarkation of three regiments to be sent to Boston and New-York; that the Board of Trade had also come to several resolutions relative to American affairs, to be recommended at the same time; and that the latter end of December some advices were received at Lord Darmouth’s office [William Legge, 2nd Earl of Dartmouth, Secretary of State for the Colonies], from Boston, in New-England, which were kept a profound secret…”
The paper continues, ”Capt. Gorham, we are told, has about thirty chests of tea on board, said to be private property, and consigned to some persons here; but what will be the fate thereof, a short time will discover – Certainly not suffered to be landed in Boston! Lord Temple [Richard Grenville-Temple, 2nd Earl Temple], though he has totally declined taking any part in administration means, in conjunction with his noble brother-in-law, Lord Chatham [William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham; both men were sympathetic to the colonists], to attend closely to his duty in Parliament the ensuring sessions, in order to defend the liberties, and to watch over the interests, of his much injured countrymen…”
The paper goes onto discuss possible replacements of politicians and also the removal of Peter Oliver, Chief Justice of the Superior Court of Massachusetts Bay, whose salary was dependent upon the taxes levied against the Colonies from tea. The reporting continues, ”…Monday evening [7 March 1774] the tea that arrived in Captain Gorham, from London, belonging to some private persons, was thrown into the sea, in the same manner with that of the East India Company in December last [16 December 1773]…” Coverage appears on the second page of 4pp. paper, measuring 11.25” x 18.25”. Light toning and reinforced fold, otherwise in near fine condition given age. Very rare reporting on the second Tea Party and the beginning of the oppressive measures taken against the colonies as a result. Sold for $3,125.
Philadelphia Newspaper From 18 September 1787, Reporting on the Constitutional Convention That Ended a Day Earlier on 17 September, When the U.S. Constitution Was Signed
Important newspaper reporting on the conclusion of the Constitutional Convention, the body that drafted, deliberated and finally signed the U.S. Constitution on 17 September 1787. Based in Philadelphia, where the Convention deliberated from 25 May to 17 September, “The Pennsylvania Packet, and Daily Advertiser” reports on 18 September 1787 the following: “We have the heart-felt pleasure to inform our fellow citizens that the Federal Convention adjourned yesterday, having completed the object of their deliberations-And we hear that Major W. Jackson, the secretary of that honorable body, leaves this city for New York, this morning, in order to lay the great result of their proceedings before the United States in Congress.” Sold for $2,500.
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